This study focused on examining electrophysiological processing to determine the earliest stages of when a human versus nonhuman vocalization processing distinction in the human brain would manifest: However, in contrast to earlier electrophysiological studies examining human voice and motivated by an earlier functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study using human “mimic voice,” the present auditory evoked potential (AEP) response study sought to examine the temporal dynamics of differential processing of sounds produced by humans mimicking animal vocalizations relative to the corresponding animal vocalizations themselves, which would serve as a critical control. A human listener can often distinguish human (conspecific) vocal mimicry from actual nonhuman animal (nonconspecific) vocalizations ( Lass et al., 1983), such as animal calls that are portrayed by human actors in animated cartoons. The ability to categorize and recognize different sources of natural sounds, including conspecific vocalizations as one category, is crucial to survival, and inadequate vocalization and paralinguistic processing in early childhood can lead to a wide variety of communication disorders ( Abrams et al., 2009 Imai & Kita, 2014 Rosch, 1973). Frum, Data curation, Investigation, a and James W. Brefczynski-Lewis, Conceptualization, Investigation, Validation, a Susannah Engdahl, Data curation, Methodology, Software, a David Graham, Conceptualization, Investigation, e Chris A. Gray, Data curation, Formal analysis, a Norman Lass, Data curation, Investigation, Methodology, b Julie A. Valencia, Data curation, Formal analysis, a Brandon D. Ashraf, Data curation, Formal analysis, d Gabriela N. Gray, Formal analysis, Investigation, Software, Visualization, d Alexandria J. Layne, Formal analysis, Software, a Andrew Forino, Data curation, Formal analysis, Validation, a Sijin Wen, Formal analysis, c Si Gao, Formal analysis, c Margeaux M. Talkington, Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Writing – original draft, a Jeremy Donai, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing, b Alexandra S.
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